micrometer caliper [1]
Instrument that measures the thickness or the diameter of relatively small parts; it produces finer results than a vernier caliper.
ratchet knob 
Part that stops the finely threaded screw when the pressure on the object being measured is sufficient.
frame 
Horseshoe-shaped part that supports the anvil and a graduated device from which the measurement is read.
anvil 
Cylindrical part that is attached to the frame of the micrometer to support the object to be measured; the object is placed between the anvil and the spindle.
thimble 
Graduated cylindrical part that is activated by the finely threaded screw and measures the thickness with precision.
spindle 
Cylindrical end of the finely threaded screw.
lock nut 
Ring-shaped part that locks the finely threaded screw in its final position to preserve the measurement obtained.